Ray Peat on lipofuscin
"The age pigment, ceroid or lipofuscin, that’s derived largely from PUFA and associated with the macrophage foam cells in the plaque, accumulates iron (Lee, et al, 1998), and by catalyzing oxidation, creates local hypoxia, leading to lactic acid production, contributing to an inflammatory process. The products of lipid peroxidation, such as azelaic acid (Riad, et al., 2018), along with lactate, lead to the calcification of tissue."
- September 2018 - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"The age pigment, lipofuscin, is produced by oxidation of polyunsaturated lipids. The polyunsaturated fatty acids, that accumulate with age, have been known for about 80 years to be the main source of this material. These fatty acids inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol"
- November 2018 - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"Early in the century, the tendency of calcium and iron to be deposited together in damaged tissues was noted, but the exact reason for this association still isnt known. I think irons role in age pigment, lipofuscin, is an important part of the mechanism."
- 1994 - June - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"Around the time these factors in the formation of age pigment were being investigated, the Shutes were investigating the antagonism between estrogen and vitamin E. Essentially, their antagonism consists of the fact that vitamin E spares oxygen, and that estrogen wastes oxygen."
- 1994 - June - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"large number of biochemical similarities in aging and in the state of estrogen dominance, and the absence of any detectable biochemical differences between the states, except their history.? For example, in both states the oxygen tension is relatively low, and as a result, unsaturated lipids are rapidly changed into age pigment or lipofuscin through lipid peroxidation."
- 1991 - January - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"In a vitamin E deficiency, unsaturated oils are oxidized in a way that produces age pigment, also called ceroid pigment or lipofuscin. This pigment consumes both oxygen and fuel, but produces no usable energy."
- 1990 - October - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"The chronic or cumulative effects of estrogen, leading toformation of lipofuscin, happen to actin the same direction as estrogen itself, causing oxygen tobe reduced, especiallyin the uterus, but in all other tissues, too."
- 1990 - October - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"Progesterone’s effect in pregnancy is to assure the availability of oxygen and nutrients for the embryo, but it also has the general effect of inhibiting the formation of lipofuscin, and of other aging signs, by improving metabolic efficiency."
- 1990 - October - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"The replacement of the copper by iron (and the loss of the copper-enzymes which protect against iron catalyzed free radicals) probably accounts for the increased formation of lipofuscin during aging."
- 1990 - October - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes"When copper-dependent mitochondrial respiration fails, lipofuscin has the ability to sustain energy production through glycolysis (by keeping the coenzyme NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, relatively oxidized), so it is possible that lipofuscin is a primitive sort of defense against stress."
- 1990 - October - Ray Peat's Newsletter
0 upvotes